The 1990s were considered: a. an era in which sex crime increased dramatically b. the decade of the predatory sex offender c. a time period in which states repealed sex offender reforms d. only1. The 1990s were considered:a. an era in which sex crime increased dramaticallyb. the decade of the predatory sex offenderc. a time period in which states repealed sex offender reformsd. only a and cQUESTION 22. In tracking trends of sex crime, victimization surveys typically distinguish between prevalence and incidence rates. What is the major difference between the two rates?.a. Prevalence rates measure sexual victimization across a relatively short period of time (e.g., last year), whereas incidence rates measure victimization across one’s entire lifespanb. Incidence rates measure sexual victimization across a relatively short period of time (e.g., last year), whereas prevalence rates measure victimization across one’s entire lifespan.c. Prevalence rates measure sexual battery whereas incidence measures the occurrence of a sexual assault.d. both a and c QUESTION 33. Generally, sexual victimization among children has increased over the last few decades, but among adult men and women, has declined. a. True b. False True FalseQUESTION 44. The textbook discussed biological theories to explain sex offending. Which of the following are true regarding the assumptions of this perspective?.b. It emphasizes that treatment interventions should address biological shortcomings..a. It presumes that sexual deviance can be explained by physiological or neurological (e.g., brain functioning) factorsa. It presumes that sexual deviance can be explained by physiological or neurological (e.g., brain functioning) factorsc. It can measure brain functioning through the use of battery tests or brain scansd. all of the above are true.e. only a and b are correct.QUESTION 55. The textbook discussed hormone production and sex offending. Which hormone is typically implicated as contributing to increased sexual aggression in males? a. estrogenb. oxytocin.c.testosterone d. thyrotropine. progestogenQUESTION 66. How does differential association could be applied to the study of sex crime. Which criminologist developed this theory?da. Beccariab. Benthamc. Mertond. Sutherland QUESTION 77. The neutralization/drift perspective could be applied to the study of sex crime. Per this theory, the following rape myth, “Only certain, bad women are raped,” can be thought of as a rationalization that corresponds to . . . a. denial of responsibilityb. denial of injuryc. denial of victimd. all of the above e. none of the aboveQUESTION 88. The neutralization/drift perspective could be applied to the study of sex crime. Per this theory, the following rape myth, “Many women have an unconscious desire to be raped,” can be thought of as a rationalization that corresponds to . . . a. denial of responsibilityb. denial of injuryc. denial of victim d. all of the above QUESTION 99. The feminist concept of “rape culture” emphasizes that the sexual objectification of women derives from biological, not socialization factors. a. True b. False True FalseQUESTION 1010. The textbook discussed historical themes in sex offender policy. The classical school of criminology—prominent in the Colonial Period—stressed what principles?a. punishment should be proportionate to the harms stemming from crime.b. laws should be enacted in advance of crime (i.e., no ex-post facto lawmaking)c. deterrence should be a goal of punishment.d. criminal justice procedures (e.g., trials) should be public and transparent.e. all of the above are principles of the classical school and Colonial Period.QUESTION 1111. The textbook discussed historical themes in sex offender policy. The Jacob Wetterling Act and Megan’s Law—national registry and notification laws—were enacted during which decade?a. 1950s b. 1960sc. 1980sd. 1990s e. 2000sQUESTION 1212. Per the text, the publication of Martinson’s “Nothing Works” article—which found no significant effect of rehabilitation programs—paved the way for the “get tough” era in criminal justice. a. True b. False True FalseQUESTION 1313. The textbook discussed historical themes in sex offender policy. Which law/laws are federal measures that have been enacted by all states? a. chemical castrationb. registrationc. residence restrictionsd. community notificatione. both b and dQUESTION 1414. Differential association could be applied to the study of sex crime. Per this theory, which of the following influences likely contribute to offending? a. pornography exposureb. peer influencec. testosterone productiond. all of the abovee. a and b onlyQUESTION 1515. According to the textbook, the social learning perspective hypothesizes that sex offending is “taught” to individuals through interaction with deviant others or agents. a. True b. False True FalseQUESTION 1616. The feminist perspective argues that patriarchy is partly responsible for the sexual victimization of women and young girls. a. True b. False True FalseQUESTION 17Etiology of offending behavior, sex offenders tend to have poor __________________________________________________________ skills.
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